Question

what is hybridization???

Answer 1

OK
Hybridisation is basically the overlapping of atomic orbitals with electrons of different energy levels, to give rise to identical hybridised orbitals that have electrons at the same energy level.

This is a purely hypothetical concept only devised to explain the equality of bonds (like strength, length etc) formed by atoms in molecules.

For example, in methane, CH4, all the carbon-hydrogen bonds were found to be exactly similar. This is no way possible, if the hydrogen atoms had bonded to the 2s and 2p orbitals seperately, as the 2s electrons would be closer to the carbon atom than the 2p electrons.

Hence, it was decided to devise a method to explain this, and the theory of hybridisation was born.

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Answer 2

The intermixing of valence orbitals ,having almost similar energies or equal energies of an atom and reshuffling into same number of new orbitals with same energy and same shape.
This phenomenon is called hybridisation..
The new orbitals are called hybrid orbitals..