What is hybridization describe the different type of hybridization
Answers
The formation of bonds is no less than the act of courtship. Atoms come closer, attract to each other and gradually lose a little part of themselves to the other atoms. In chemistry, the study of bonding, that is, Hybridization is of prime importance.
HYBRIDISATION :
The process of inter mixing of two or more than two atomic orbitals of slightly different energy and different shape to form a new set of orbitals having similar energy and identical shape is called hybridisation. The new set of orbitals are called hybrid orbitals.
There are different types of orbitals :
1 ). sp hybridisation : The process of inter mixing of one s and one p atomic orbitals to form two hybrid orbitals which are directed linearly at an angle of 180°.
Example : Ethyne ( C₂ H₂ )
2 ). sp² hybridisation : The process of inter mixing of one s and two p atomic orbitals to form three hybrid orbitals which are directed towards the corners of trigonal plane.
Example : Ethene ( C₂ H₄ )
3 ). sp³ hybridisation : The process of inter mixing of one s and three p atomic orbitals to form four hybrid orbitals which are directed towards the corners of regular tetrahedron.
Example : Methane ( CH₄ )
4 ). sp³d hybridisation : The process of inter mixing of one s, three p and one d atomic orbitals to form five hybrid orbitals.
Example : PCl₅
5 ). sp³d² hybridisation : The process of inter mixing of one s, three p and two d atomic orbitals to form six hybrid orbitals.
Example : SF₆
6 ). sp³d³ hybridisation : The process of inter mixing of one s, three p and three d atomic orbitals to form seven hybrid orbitals.
