What is hydration energy ?
Answers
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Hydration energy is the amount of energy released when one mole of ions undergo hydration which is a special case of solvation. It is particular special case of dissolution energy, with the solvent being water.
Hydration energy can be calculated as,
1. Heat of Hydration Formula. Heat of hydration is defined as the amount of energy released when one mole of ions undergo hydration.
2. The heat of hydration formula is given by: Heat of hydration = ΔH solution – ΔH lattice energy.
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Hydration energy is the amount of heat released as an ionic substance is dissolved and its constituent ions are hydrated, or surrounded by water molecules. Fluoride ion has higher hydration enthalpy than chloride ion because Fluoride ion is smaller in size than the chloride ion. Hence, when the two are dissolved in water, the energy of hydration released in the case of fluoride ion will be more than chloride ion due to stronger interactions (ion-dipole) between the ion and the water molecules in the former. Fluorine being more electronegative than chlorine will form stronger H-bonds with hydrogen present in the water molecule.
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