Question

What is hydrogenation ?Write its industrial application?

Answer 1

conversion of vegetable oil into vegetable fat in the presence of Nickel of palladium as a catalyst is known as hydrogenation . one of the application is to make vanaspati ghee

Answer 2

Answer:

Hydrogenation is a type of reduction reaction, in which a molecule of hydrogen reacts to any organic compound or an element in the presence of a catalyst (either Ni, or Pd, or Pt). For example, two hydrogen atoms are added across the double bond in an alkene to make it alkane (Saturation). It is used in many industrial sectors; petrochemical, food, pharmaceutical, and agricultural.

Industrial applications of hydrogenation are -

1. It is involved in the preparation of ghee from vegetable oils. Unsaturated carbons in vegetable oils are converted to saturated carbons (ghee) by the process of hydrogenation in food industries.
2. Cycloalkanes and alkanes (paraffins) are produced in petrochemical industries by the hydrogenation of alkenes.
3. In pharmaceutical industries, chiral is produced by the hydrogenation of organic compounds such as R-3-Quinuclidinol. These chiral are used as the intermediate of APIs (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients).
4. The process is also used in agricultural/chemical industries for the production of azane (ammonia, NH₄, which is an important part of fertilizers.
5. Petroleum industries use the process for the production of methanol.
6. Iron flashmaking and Metal alloying applications also involved the hydrogenation process.
7. Hydrogen is used in electronics manufacturing industries to create photovoltaic segments, displays, LEDs, etc.

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