What is india position with reference to plant diversity?
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Introduction
India has a total geographical area of about 329 million hectares with a coastline of over 7500 km. The ecological or ecosystem diversity of the country is enormous, ranging from sea level to the highest mountainous ranges in the world; hot and arid conditions in the northwest to cold arid conditions in the trans-Himalayan region; tropical wet evergreen forests in Northeast India and the Western Ghats; mangroves of Sundarbans and fresh water aquatic to marine ecosystems (Sharma & Singh, 2000).
India has 12 biogeographical provinces, 5 biomes and 3 bioregion domains (Cox & Moore, 1993). The country supports a diverse array of habitats or ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, wetlands, coastal, marine and desert and each with rich and unique floristic diversity. These biological attributes are further enhanced by the geographic location of the country at the confluence of three major global biogeographic realms, viz. Indomalesian, Eurasian and Afro-tropical, thus allowing the intermingling of floristic elements from these regions as well and making it one of the 17 megadiversity countries in the world, recognised by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre in 2000. The floral diversity in India is majorly concentrated in the 4 biodiversity hotspots, namely Eastern Himalayas, Western Ghats (and Sri Lanka), Northeast India and Andaman Islands (Indo-Burma) and Nicobar Island (Sundaland), out of 34 biodiversity hotspots recognised in the world. These floristically significant areas exhibit exceptional concentration of endemic species and also experiencing loss of habitat with higher occurrence of threatened plant species
India has a total geographical area of about 329 million hectares with a coastline of over 7500 km. The ecological or ecosystem diversity of the country is enormous, ranging from sea level to the highest mountainous ranges in the world; hot and arid conditions in the northwest to cold arid conditions in the trans-Himalayan region; tropical wet evergreen forests in Northeast India and the Western Ghats; mangroves of Sundarbans and fresh water aquatic to marine ecosystems (Sharma & Singh, 2000).
India has 12 biogeographical provinces, 5 biomes and 3 bioregion domains (Cox & Moore, 1993). The country supports a diverse array of habitats or ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, wetlands, coastal, marine and desert and each with rich and unique floristic diversity. These biological attributes are further enhanced by the geographic location of the country at the confluence of three major global biogeographic realms, viz. Indomalesian, Eurasian and Afro-tropical, thus allowing the intermingling of floristic elements from these regions as well and making it one of the 17 megadiversity countries in the world, recognised by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre in 2000. The floral diversity in India is majorly concentrated in the 4 biodiversity hotspots, namely Eastern Himalayas, Western Ghats (and Sri Lanka), Northeast India and Andaman Islands (Indo-Burma) and Nicobar Island (Sundaland), out of 34 biodiversity hotspots recognised in the world. These floristically significant areas exhibit exceptional concentration of endemic species and also experiencing loss of habitat with higher occurrence of threatened plant species
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India is in 5th position with reference to plant diversity
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