Question

What is ionizing radiation in simple words,what is radiation,what are it’s types and it’s symptoms

Answer 1

Answer:

Ionizing radiation is radiation with enough energy so that during an interaction with an atom, it can remove tightly bound electrons from the orbit of an atom, causing the atom to become charged or ionized.

Answer 2

Explanation:

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Ionizing radiation (ionising radiation) consists of subatomic particles or electromagnetic waves that have sufficient energy to ionize atoms or molecules by detaching electrons from them.The particles generally travel over 1% of the speed of light, and the electromagnetic waves are on the high-energy portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Gamma rays, X-rays and the higher ultraviolet part of the electromagnetic spectrum are ionizing radiation, whereas the lower energy ultraviolet, visible light, nearly all types of laser light, infrared, microwaves, and radio waves are non-ionizing radiation. The boundary between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation in the ultraviolet area is not sharply defined, since different molecules and atoms ionize at different energies, but is between 10 electronvolts (eV) and 33 eV.

Ionizing radiation is not detectable by human senses, so instruments such as Geiger counters must be used to detect and measure it. However, very high intensities can produce visible light such as in Cherenkov radiation. Ionizing radiation is used in a wide variety of fields such as medicine, nuclear power, research, and industrial manufacturing, but presents a health hazard if proper measures against excessive exposure are not taken. Exposure to ionizing radiation causes cell damage to living tissue and in high acute doses will result in radiation burns and radiation sickness, and lower level doses over a protracted time can cause cancer.

Typical ionizing subatomic particles due to radioactive decay include alpha particles, beta particles and neutrons and almost all are energetic enough to be ionizing. Secondary cosmic particles produced after cosmic rays interact with Earth's atmosphere include muons, mesons, and positrons.Cosmic rays may also produce radioisotopes on Earth (for example, carbon-14), which in turn decays and emits ionizing radiation. Cosmic rays and the decay of radioactive isotopes are the primary sources of natural ionizing radiation on Earth contributing to background radiation. Ionizing radiation is also generated artificially by such as X-ray tubes, particle accelerators, and nuclear fission.