Question

what is irrigation and its types​

Answer 1

hope this attachments helps you mate

Answer 2

$\huge \mathbb \purple{Question :- }$

$\large\mathbb \red{What \: is \: Irrigation \: ? \: And \: its \: types}$

$\huge \mathbb \blue{Answer :- }$

$\large\mathbb \pink{Definition :- }$

Irrigation is the process of applying water to the crops artificially to fulfil their water requirements. Nutrients may also be provided to the crops through irrigation. The various sources of water for irrigation are wells, ponds, lakes, canals, tube-wells and even dams. Irrigation offers moisture required for growth and development, germination and other related functions.

The frequency, rate, amount and time of irrigation are different for different crops and also vary according to the types of soil and seasons. For example, summer crops require a higher amount of water as compared to winter crops.

$\large \mathbb \pink{ Types \: of \: Irrigation \: :- }$

Types of Irrigation are :-

There are different types of irrigation practised for improving crop yield. These types of irrigation systems are practised based on the different types of soils, climates, crops and resources. The main types of irrigation followed by farmers include:

1. Surface Irrigation

In this system, no irrigation pump is involved. Here, water is distributed across the land by gravity.

2. Localized Irrigation

In this system, water is applied to each plant through a network of pipes under low pressure.

3. Sprinkler Irrigation

Water is distributed from a central location by overhead high-pressure sprinklers or from sprinklers from the moving platform.

4. Drip Irrigation

In this type, drops of water are delivered near the roots of the plants. This type of irrigation is rarely used as it requires more maintenance.

5. Centre Pivot Irrigation

In this, the water is distributed by a sprinkler system moving in a circular pattern.

6. Sub Irrigation

Water is distributed through a system of pumping stations gates, ditches and canals by raising the water table.

7. Manual Irrigation

This a labour intensive and time-consuming system of irrigation. Here, the water is distributed through watering cans by manual labour.

$\large \mathbb \pink{ Method \: of \: Irrigation \: :- }$

Method of Irrigation are :-

Irrigation can be carried out by two different methods:

• Traditional Methods
• Modern Methods

1. Traditional Methods of Irrigation

In this method, irrigation is done manually. Here, a farmer pulls out water from wells or canals by himself or using cattle and carries to farming fields. This method can vary in different regions.

The main advantage of this method is that it is cheap. But its efficiency is poor because of the uneven distribution of water.  Also, the chances of water loss are very high. Some examples of the traditional system are pulley system, lever system, chain pump. Among these, the pump system is the most common and used widely.

2. Modern Methods of Irrigation

The modern method compensates the disadvantages of traditional methods and thus helps in the proper way of water usage.

The modern method involves two systems:

• Sprinkler system
• Drip system

1. Sprinkler System

A sprinkler system, as its name suggests, sprinkles water over the crop and helps in an even distribution of water. This method is much advisable in areas facing water scarcity.

Here a pump is connected to pipes which generate pressure and water is sprinkled through nozzles of pipes.

2. Drip System

In the drip system, water supply is done drop by drop exactly at roots using a hose or pipe. This method can also be used in regions where water availability is less.

Hope it's helpful to you :) :)