Question

what is isothermal and adiabatic process

Answer 1

In thermodynamics, an adiabatic process is one that occurs without transfer of heat or matter between a thermodynamic system and its surroundings. ... The adiabatic flame temperature is the temperature that would be achieved by a flame if the process of combustion took place in the absence of heat loss to the surroundings.
An isothermal process is a change of a system, in which the temperature remains constant: ΔT = 0. ... In other words, in an isothermal process, the value ΔT = 0 and therefore ΔU = 0 (only for an ideal gas) but Q ≠ 0, while in an adiabatic process, ΔT ≠ 0 but Q = 0.

Answer 2

An isothermal process is a change of a system, in which the temperature remains constant: ΔT = 0.
In other words, in an isothermal process, the value ΔT = 0 and therefore ΔU = 0 (only for an ideal gas) but Q ≠ 0, while in anadiabatic process, ΔT ≠ 0 but Q = 0.

An adiabatic process is one that occurs without transfer of heat or matter between a thermodynamic system and its surroundings. ... The adiabatic flame temperature is the temperature that would be achieved by a flame if the process of combustion took place in the absence of heat loss to the surroundings.

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