What is Joule’s heating effect? How can it be demonstrated
experimentally? List its four applications in daily life.
Answers
Answer:
The joules heating effect is the increase in the temperature of a conductor due to resistance. You can take a wire made up of tungsten. Connect it to a battery and a switch. Close the circuit. Observe that the tungsten starts heating and eventually melts. This is due to the resistance offered by tungsten. This effect is used in electric heaters, toasters, irons and geysers
Explanation:
Joule Heating Definition
Joule heating (also referred to as resistive or ohmic heating) describes the process where the energy of an electric current is converted into heat as it flows through a resistance.
In particular, when the electric current flows through a solid or liquid with finite conductivity, electric energy is converted to heat through resistive losses in the material. The heat is generated on the microscale when the conduction electrons transfer energy to the conductor's atoms by way of collisions.
Model showing temperature distribution in a heating circuit due to Joule heating.
Heating circuit: Temperature distribution as a result of Joule heating.
Joule Heating in Design
In some cases, Joule heating is pertinent to an electrical device's design, while in others, it is an unwanted effect.
A couple of applications that do rely on Joule heating include hot plates (directly) and microvalves for fluid control (indirectly, through thermal expansion).
Adverse Effects
In the event that the effect is undesirable in a design, efforts can be made to reduce it. It is particularly relevant in terms of electrical systems components, such as conductors in electronics, electric heaters, power lines, and fuses. The heating of these structures can cause them to degenerate or even melt. To prevent the components and devices from overheating, engineers can incorporate convection cooling into the design. hope I am brainly