what is Kirchoff laws please explain both two laws
Answers
Answer:
Kirchhoff's Laws for current and voltage are two principles that apply to DC circuits and networks.
The total current flowing into any DC circuit node, also called a branch point, is always the same as the total current flowing out of the node. An example is shown in the top illustration. There are four current-carrying conductors ( a , b , c , and d ) leading into the node (black dot), and two conductors ( e and f ) leading out. Direct currents in parallel add together arithmetically. Therefore, the total current flowing into the node is a + b + c + d , and the total current flowing out is e + f . These total currents, according to Kirchhoff's First Law , must be equal.
Kirchhoff's Second Law deals with voltage . An example is shown in the bottom illustration. A source having voltage equal to a is connected in a circuit with five passive components having voltage differences b , c , d , e , and f across them. The voltages across the passive components add together arithmetically because they are connected in series. According to the Second Law, the total voltage across the set of passive components is always equal and opposite to the source voltage. Therefore, the sum of the voltage differences across all the circuit elements (including the source) is always zero.
Answer:
Kirchhoffs First Law – The Current Law, (KCL)
Kirchhoffs Current Law or KCL, states that the “total current or charge entering a junction or node is exactly equal to the charge leaving the node as it has no other place to go except to leave, as no charge is lost within the node“. In other words the algebraic sum of ALL the currents entering and leaving a node must be equal to zero, I(exiting) + I(entering) = 0. This idea by Kirchhoff is commonly known as the Conservation of Charge.
Kirchhoffs Current Law
kirchhoffs current law
Here, the three currents entering the node, I1, I2, I3 are all positive in value and the two currents leaving the node, I4 and I5 are negative in value. Then this means we can also rewrite the equation as;
I1 + I2 + I3 – I4 – I5 = 0
The term Node in an electrical circuit generally refers to a connection or junction of two or more current carrying paths or elements such as cables and components. Also for current to flow either in or out of a node a closed circuit path must exist. We can use Kirchhoff’s current law when analysing parallel circuits.
Kirchhoffs Second Law – The Voltage Law, (KVL)
Kirchhoffs Voltage Law or KVL, states that “in any closed loop network, the total voltage around the loop is equal to the sum of all the voltage drops within the same loop” which is also equal to zero. In other words the algebraic sum of all voltages within the loop must be equal to zero. This idea by Kirchhoff is known as the Conservation of Energy.
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