What is lat lakar?
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Answers
'laT' is pANini's way of refering to the present tense, the so called Simple Present Tense or Present Indefinite. It used to be called as the vartamAna-kAlaH by the previous grammarians.
There are in fact ten lakārs, five of which are used most commonly today and five which tend to be "reserved" for writing or for formal speech. The five common ones are:
laṭ (लट्) - denotes present tense e.g., "अस्ति" ("he/she/it is).
laṅ (लङ्) - denotes a past action; e.g., "अनमत्" ("he bowed").
lṛṭ (लृट्) - denotes a future action e.g., "क्रेष्यसि" ("you will buy").
loṭ (लोट्) - denotes an order or command; e.g., "तिष्ठ!" ("stay!") or "भवतु" ("may he/she/it be"). In the first person it denotes a humble request or volition. e.g., "वदानि?" ("may I speak?") or "पश्यानि" ("let me see").
vidhi liṅ (विधि लिङ्) - denotes a possibility; e.g., "गच्छेयं" ("I may go"). The third person singular denotes a general imperative; e.g., "रमेत" ("one must enjoy").
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Answer:
'laT' is pANini's way of refering to the present tense, the so called Simple Present Tense or Present Indefinite. It used to be called as the vartamAna-kAlaH by the previous grammarians.
There are in fact ten lakārs, five of which are used most commonly today and five which tend to be "reserved" for writing or for formal speech. The five common ones are:
laṭ (लट्) - denotes present tense e.g., "अस्ति" ("he/she/it is).
laṅ (लङ्) - denotes a past action; e.g., "अनमत्" ("he bowed").
lṛṭ (लृट्) - denotes a future action e.g., "क्रेष्यसि" ("you will buy").
loṭ (लोट्) - denotes an order or command; e.g., "तिष्ठ!" ("stay!") or "भवतु" ("may he/she/it be"). In the first person it denotes a humble request or volition. e.g., "वदानि?" ("may I speak?") or "पश्यानि" ("let me see").
vidhi liṅ (विधि लिङ्) - denotes a possibility; e.g., "गच्छेयं" ("I may go"). The third person singular denotes a general imperative; e.g., "रमेत" ("one must enjoy").