What is local Anaesthetics,explain
mechanism of action of Local
anaesthetics with example and give
their applications
Answers
What are local anesthetics?
Local anesthetics (LAs) are used to block transmission of impulses in nerve fibers, to reduce or eliminate sensation. LAs may be used for neuraxial analgesia and anesthesia, peripheral nerve blocks, subcutaneous and tissue infiltration, and topical anesthesia.
Their mechanism.
LAs reversibly inhibit nerve transmission by binding voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav) in the nerve plasma membrane. Nav channels are integral membrane proteins, anchored in the plasma membrane. When LAs bind the sodium channel, they render it impermeable to Na, which prevents action potential initiation and propagation.
Uses.
Local anaesthesia is used in many dermatological procedures, surgical operations, and dental procedures. The aim is to minimise pain so that procedures can be conducted as efficiently and comfortably as possible.
Examples.
Lidocaine is the most widely used local anesthetic, but doctors and anesthetists use different drugs for different purposes. For longer procedures, bupivacaine is more suitable , but it can be more painful than other drugs during administration.