what is Lucas test on alcohol
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Lucas test in alcohols is a test to differentiate between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. It is based on the difference in reactivity of the three classes of alcohols with hydrogen halides via an SN1 reaction: ROH + HCl → RCl + H2O.
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Explanation: LUCAS TEST – 1°, 2° and 3° alcohol are tested by Lucas reagent. Lucas reagent is
the mixture of conc. HCl and ZnCl2. When Lucas reagent is added to unknown
alcohols, 3°–alcohol forms turbidity immediately.
ZnCl2 R – OH + HCl R – Cl + H O 2
2° alcohol produces turbidity within five minutes.
1° alcohol does not produce turbidity at room temperature.
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