Question

What is manvikaran, rupak, yamak alankar and athishayokthi in English pls explain in English

Answer 1

Explanation:

अलंकार (Alankaar) is a figure of speech which means ornaments or adornments. Just like the women use ornaments to enhance her beauty, Alankar in Hindi language are used essentially to enhance the beauty of a poem.

Alankar are broadly classified into two groups, these are:

1. शब्दालंकार (Shabdalankar, it came from two word Shabdh (Word) + Alankar (Ornaments)) – Certain specific words that create an ornamental effect in a verse/poem.

2. अर्थालंकार (Arthalankar it came from two word Artha (Meaning) + Alankar (Ornaments)) – The meaning of words that creates the required enhancement.

Most common शब्दालंकार (Shabdalankar) that you might find in the Hindi poetry are:

1. अनुप्रास (Anupras) (Alliteration) – When a consonant word repeats serially more than once.

Example: घेर घेर घोर गगन।. Here, “घ ” is repeated three times.

2. यमक (Yamak) (Homonym) – when same word repeats more than once but each time its meaning is different.

Example: सजना है मुझे सजना के लिए। Here, “सजना” means to make up/lover.

3. श्लेष (Shlesh) (Pun) – when a word is used once but it gives more than one meaning.

Example: मधुबन की छाती को देखो, सूखी इसकी कितनी कलियाँ। Here, “कलियाँ” means the flower that is not fully blossomed/Young children. Poet wants to describe a scene where a “मधुबन” (garden) is lacking, both in blossoming flowers and young children.

Most common अर्थालंकार (Arthalankar) that you might find in the Hindi poetry are:

1. उपमा (Upma) (Simile) – when a person or thing is compared in words with a similar but famous/well known person or thing.

Example: ताज महल सा घर। House like the Taj Mahal. Here, “घर” (house) is compared with a building which is famous for its beauty.

2. रूपक (Rupak) (Metaphor) – when a word is used for something to which it is not literally applicable in order to suggest a resemblance.

Example: पायो जी मैंने राम-रतन धन पायो। Here, “राम” (Ram, Hindu god) is suggested metaphorically as “रतन” (precious stones) and “धन” (money) .

3. अतिश्योक्ति (Atishyokti) (Hyperbole) – when a word is used of exaggerate something or someone, to evoke a strong feelings or to create a strong impression.

Example: दिल बादल बने, आँखें बहेने लगी। Here, “दिल” (heart) is exaggerated to “बादल” (cloud). The dramatic effect of this exaggeration would be, आँखें (eyes) that can tear as rain because the heart has turned into clouds (in pain).

Answer 2

The explanation is given below.

Explanation:

• When we compare nature to human beings in some couplet, poem or prose, then it is called humanization ornament . For example, the cloud has come, and it is compared to the cloud in the village.

• Where accusation is charged on the subcommand, that is, there is no difference between the subcommand and the subcommand. The metaphor is decking . example. The past is awake
• When the same word is used twice and both of them have different meanings, then it is called Yamak Alankar. Example Kali Ghata's vanity decreased.
• When we say something big, it is an exaggeration ornament on it. Examples: - Parwal Pak, Phat Hi Gohoon. (This thing has been widened because wheat never bursts)