Question

what is mean by DNA and RNA

Answer 1

The structure of DNA and RNA. DNA is a double helix, while RNA is a single helix. Both have sets of nucleotides that contain genetic information. Credit: udaix Shutterstock. Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA is a molecule that contains the instructions an organism needs to develop, live and reproduce.

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

RNA: RIBONUCLEIC ACID.

RNA was 1st genetic material which appear on the earth. RNA is better genetic material for expression of genetic information. RNA is the genetic material in few viruses. Eg.: HIV, TMV, Rhinovirus.

Made up of :

Nitrogenous bases: Purine- Adenine, Guanine. Pyrimidine— Cytosine, Uracil.

Pentose sugar: Ribose.

Phosphoric acid ( H3PO4 ).

Different types of RNA:

• rRNA: Ribosomal RNA, component of ribosomes.
• mRNA: It is a RNA carrying message from DNA for protein synthesis.
• hnRNA: Heteronuclear RNA, is the RNA produced by transcription of a split gene i.e., most of eukaryotic gene. This hnRNA is a precursor of mRNA.

• tRNA: Transfer RNA, Adapter RNA, Soluble RNA, is smallest of all RNAs in prokaryotic cell usually consisting of 80 nucleotides. Responsible for transfer of amino acid to the site of protein synthesis.
• snRNA: Small nuclear RNA. It is required for RNA splicing.
• snoRNA: Small nucleolar RNA, found only within nucleolus.

DNA: DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID.

DNA is better genetic material for storage of genetic information. DNA is the genetic material in most of the organism.

Made up of:

Nitrogenous bases: Purine- Adenine, Guanine. Pyrimidine— Cytosine, Thymine.

Pentose sugar: Deoxyribose.

Phosphoric acid ( H3PO4 ).

Different types of DNA:

• A-DNA: 11 bp/turn.
• B-DNA : 10 bp/turn.
• C-DNA : 9 bp/turn.
• D-DNA : 8 bp/turn.
• Z-DNA : 12 bp/turn.
• H-DNA ( Hogness DNA ) : Triple stranded.