Question

✨✔️✔️What is meant by Atmospheric Refraction ? ? Explain differ types of Atmospheric Refraction.

Answer 1

The earth’s atmosphere consists of different layers of air. From these, some layers of air with low densities are hot, while the others with high densities are cold. The hot layers of air act as the optically rarer medium for the rays of light, whereas the cold layers of air act as
the optically denser medium for rays of light. Hence, when rays of light are emitted by an object in the atmosphere, these rays pass through the atmosphere having varying layers of air with varied densities and are refracted by the atmosphere.

Answer 2

THE HOTTER AIR IS LIGHTER THAN THE COOLER AIR ABOVE IT AND HAS A REFRACTIVE INDEX SLIGHTLY LESS THAN THAT OF THE COOLER AIR . SINCE THE PHYSICAL CONDITION OF THE REFRACTIVE MEDIUM ARE NOT STATIONARY, THE APPARENT POSITION OF THE OBJECT, AS SEEN THROUGH THE HOT AIR , FLUCTUATES . THIS WAVERING EFFECT IS KNOWN AS ATMOSPHERIC REFRACTION.

TWINKLING OF STARS :
THE TWINKLING OF STARS IS DUE TO ATMOSPHERIC REFRACTION OF STARLIGHT. THE STARLIGHT, ON ENTERING THE EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE, UNDERGOES REFRACTION CONTINUOUSLY BEFORE IT REACHES TO THE EARTH .

ADVANCE SUNRISE AND DELAYED SUNSET :
THE SUN IS VISIBLE TO US ABOUT 2 MINUTES BEFORE THE ACTUAL SUNRISE , AND ABOUT 2 MINUTES AFTER THE ACTUAL SUNSET BECAUSE OF ATMOSPHERIC REFRACTION.

HOPE IT WILL HELP YOU

MARK ME AS BRAINLIEST