what is meant by atom
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Atom
Atoms are the main building blocks of matter. All the materials are made up of very small particles called atoms. For example chair, water, air, plants and humans etc.
Atom consists of three sub atomic particles they are electron, proton and neutron.
Atom consists of three sub atomic particles they are electron, proton and neutron. Protons and neutrons are stick together to form a nucleus in the center of atom. These protons and neutrons are stick together because of the strong nuclear force present between them.
Electron :
Electrons are negatively charged particles which are moving with high velocity around the nucleus of atom in specific paths called orbits.
As long as the electron is held in a particular orbit its energy is constant. Therefore these orbits are called as stationary obits.
The electrons are held in orbit because of the electrostatic force of attraction present between electrons and protons. Electrostatic force is a force of attraction or repulsion present between charged particles (electrons and protons).
The mass of the electron is very small, its mass is 9.107 × 10-31 kilograms. Electrons are revolving around the nucleus in different orbits. Each orbit has certain fixed amount of energy.
The mass of the electron is 1830 times smaller than the mass of proton.Therefore, the mass of the electrons orbiting the nucleus is negligible compared to mass of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of a atom.
Electron is denoted by a symbol e-. It has a charge of 1.602 × 10-19 Coulombs (C).
Proton :
Proton is a positively charged particle. It is more heavier than electron, mass of proton is 1.672 × 10-27kilograms. One or more protons are present in the nucleus of a atom.
Proton is denoted by a symbol p+. It has a charge of 1.602 × 10-19 Coulombs (C). The charge of proton is equal to charge of electron but have opposite polarity.
Neutron :
Neutron has no electric charge. The mass of neutron is slightly higher than that of the proton. Mass of neutron is 1.675 ×10-27 Kilograms. The nucleus of every atom consists of at least one neutron.
Explanation:
the smallest unit of an element is atom