What is meant by 'chromosome'. Explain it's type
Answers
Answer:
chromosome is very important part of the blood
Explanation:
it transferred the genes of father and mother in their children .
Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Passed from parents to offspring, DNA contains the specific instructions that make each type of living creature unique.
The term chromosome comes from the Greek words for color (chroma) and body (soma). Scientists gave this name to chromosomes because they are cell structures, or bodies, that are strongly stained by some colorful dyes used in research.
Types of Chromosomes
Metacentric – centromere is in middle, meaning p and q arms are of comparable length (e.g. chromosomes 1, 3, 16, 19, 20)
Submetacentric – centromere off-centre, leading to shorter p arm relative to q arm (e.g. chromosomes 2, 4 – 12, 17, 18, X)
Acrocentric – centromere severely off-set from centre, leading to much shorter p arm (e.g. chromosomes 13 – 15, 21, 22, Y)
Telocentric – centromere found at end of chromosome, meaning no p arm exists (chromosome not found in humans)