Question

what is meant by code of conduct? how does it exercise its control on partics and candidate

Answer 1

The model code of conduct  is a set of guidelines laid down by the Election Commission to govern the conduct of political parties and candidates in the run-up to an election. The code is intended to curb the abuse of money and muscle power in elections so that the process of election campaign can be free and fair and give every candidate a fair chance of winning. The various components of the code of conduct are

1. Ministers cannot combine their official visits with election campaigns.
2. They cannot use official machinery of personnel for election related work.
3. Ministers cannot announce any scheme that promise financial gains to people or disburse discretionary grants once elections are announced. 
4. All candidates from all political parties need to be given equal access to public places and government controlled media outlets (for example, Doordarshan) for campaignin

Answer 2

It is a set of guidelines laid down by the Election Commission to govern the conduct of political parties and candidates in the run-up to an election.
It is intended to provide a level playing field for all political parties, to keep the campaign fair and healthy, avoid clashes and conflicts between parties, and ensure peace and order. Its main aim is to ensure that the ruling party, either at the Centre or in the states, does not misuse its official position to gain an unfair advantage in an election.
The Model Code of Conduct comes into force the moment an election is announced and remains in force till the results are declared.
It applies to all political parties, their candidates and polling agents, the government in power, and all government employees.
1.Ministers cannot combine their official visits with electioneering work. They also cannot use official/government machinery or personnel for electioneering work. Public places for holding election rallies and helipads for flights in connection with elections are to be made available to all parties on the same terms and conditions on which they are used by the party in power.
2.Ministers and other authorities cannot sanction grants and payments out of discretionary funds from the moment the elections are announced.
3.Advertisements at the cost of the public exchequer and misuse of official mass media like Doordarshan for partisan coverage during an election have to be scrupulously avoided.
4.Ministers and other government authorities should not announce or promise any financial grants to the people; they should not lay foundation stones for or inaugurate any projects; they should not promise public facilities like roads; and they should not make any ad hoc government appointments.
5.The Model Code of Conduct strictly prohibits parties and candidates from making any appeals to caste or communal feelings for securing votes. Mosques, churches, temples, and other places of worship also cannot be used for election propaganda. No party or candidate can indulge in any activity that may aggravate existing differences or create mutual hatred or cause tension among different castes, communities, religious or linguistic groups.
6.The criticism of other political parties should be confined to their policies and programmes, past record and work. Parties and candidates should refrain from criticism of all aspects of private life not connected with the public activities of the leaders or workers of other parties. Criticism of other parties or their workers based on unverified allegations or distortions should be avoided.