Question

What is meant by "decentralization of powers" ? Explain the importance of local self government by the light of decentralization.

CBSE Class X Social Science LA (5 Marks)

Answer 1

 Decentralization : When power is taken from central and state governments and is given to local government, it is called decentralization.
The Constitution was amended in 1992 to make the third tier of democracy more powerful and effective.
Provisions of the Constitutional Amendment of 1992 are :
(a)  Now it is mandatory to hold regular elections to local government bodies.
(b) Seats are reserved in the elected bodies and the executive heads of these institutions for SC’s, ST’s and OBC’s.
(c) At least one-third of all positions are reserved for women.
(d) An independent institution called State Election Commission has been created in each state to
conduct panchayat and municipal elections.
(e) The state governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government
bodies.

Answer 2

Answer:

Decentralization refers to the process of transferring authority from the federal and state governments to local ones. The 1992 amendment to the constitution strengthened and improved the third layer of democracy.

Explanation:

• The decentralisation process makes lower level managers doubt their judgement and skills.
• They are pushed to come up with answers when given responsibility and flexibility in making decisions.
• This boosts their confidence and encourages independence in the long term.

• Decentralization is the process of granting local governments more authority at the expense of the federal and state governments.

Programs run by the government are thought to be more effective and efficient when they are decentralised because there is less communication bottleneck and there is a quicker response time to problems that are not foreseen.

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