. What is meant by "Eighty-Eight Thousand Governments?" And Where does Florida rank in terms of the number of governments? Which state has the most local government units?
2. Discuss "Dillon's Rule" and "Home Rule Charter."
3. Compare and contrast the "Mayor-Council" and the "Council-Manager" forms of government?
Answers
Answer:
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1) What is meant by Eighty-Eight Thousand Governments is the number of different governments throughout every state, city and county. Every local government has different functions and differs throughoutstates and cities. Functions usually differ from counties, cities, towns and even school districts. Almost every state has counties that perform administrative duties. The only states that do not are Rhode Island and Connecticut. Throughout the United States there are 3,031counties. The state with the most governmental units in the United States is Illinois with 6,968 local governments. In the States Florida ranks 21stin the number of local governments with 1,650.
2)In Dillon's Rule jurisdictions, if the state does not delegate to a local government the authority to adopt a particular policy, a locality's adoption of that policy is void.
Dillon's Rule is derived from the two court decisions issued by Judge John F. Dillon of Iowa in 1868. It affirms the previously held, narrow interpretation of a local government's authority, in which a substate government may engage in an activity only if it is specifically sanctioned by the state government.
Home rule authority does not insulate local governments from state oversight. In fact, states can limit or override local laws through preemption — a legal doctrine that the tobacco industry has used as a deregulatory tool against local public health initiatives.The past fewdecades have seen “anunprecedented effort to roll back home rule and the policymaking role
of local governments”40 through preemption. Preemption is a legal doctrine through which a higher government limits the authority of a lower government.41 The preemption doctrine is founded in the Supremacy Clause of the U.S. Constitution, which elevates federal law over state law and displaces state laws that are
in conflict with federal law.
3) What is the difference between a council-manager system of administration and a mayor-council system? The fundamental difference is in who has the legal authority to hire and fire city employees. In a council-manager system, the manager has that power. ... In a mayor-council system, the council collectively has the power.