What is meant by fragmentation?
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ans)
Answers
Answer:
fragmentation in multicellular organisms is the form of asexual reproduction in which organisms splits to form fragments that also able to reproduce..I think you able to understand sweetheart.
Answer:
FRAGMENTATION
During the process of fragmentation, a fragment of the parent forms a new being. It occurs when a shoot that is rooted becomes detached from the main group.
Multicellular organisms with simple body organization can divide or reproduce by fragmentation. But, it cannot be used by all multi-cellular organisms. Organisms with complex structures cannot undergo cell-by-cell division. This is because, in complex multicellular organisms, each set of cells have specialized functions. These specialized cells are organized as tissues and are placed in organs. Organs are placed in different positions of the body.
Explanation:
◉LET'S EXPLORE MORE
✯Fragmentation in various organisms
✯Fragmentation in Plants
Among plants, fragmentation is the regularly found type of asexual reproduction. Fragmentation is a very common type of vegetative reproduction in plants. Fragmentation occurs when a shoot that is rooted becomes detached from the main group. In plants, there are different other mechanisms. There are several other known mechanisms of natural fragmentation in plants.
- Specialized Structures (Reproductive): There are few plants which could form adventitious plantlets on their leaves, which would later detach to form individually grown plants. Certain other ones produce organs like turions and bulbils.
- Even in nonvascular plants, the process of fragmentation is a common phenomenon like mosses and liverworts. In the case of moss leaves or stems, they are carried by the wind, animals or even water. Once the moss fragment reaches an environment that is suitable, it would root itself to form a new plant.
- Fragmentation is used by people artificially to propagate by grafting, cutting, layering, and division. People use fragmentation to artificially propagate many plants via division, layering, cuttings, grafting, via storage organs like corms, rhizomes and tubers, and micropropagation.
✯Fragmentation in Animals
Natural fragmentation and reproduction happen in animals like coral colonies and sponges. Using this method, different species of colonies of corals and sponges reproduce.
Different kinds of annelid species and flatworms rely on this reproduction method.
Terms like paratomy and architomy are used widely while the splitting happens due to certain developmental changes. In paratomy, at a particular point, the animal would split into two and both the fragments would have their own tissues and organs. In the case of architomy, organism splits into various fragments, that develop into matured organism.
Prior to splitting, the animal might develop furrows at the zone of splitting. The regeneration of a complete head has to happen for the fragment without the head.
In the case of paratomy, the split happens where the anteroposterior axis is perpendicular and pre-generation of anterior structures in a position that is posterior. Both the organisms develop in a head to tail fashion as their body axis gets aligned properly. Budding and paratomy are similar to a considerable extent with the exception of the body axis are not aligned correctly.
◉FURTHER LEARNING
✯Regeneration
- Regeneration occurs when an organism only regrows a lost limb or any other part of the body.
- No new organisms are formed
- All organisms exhibit the ability to regenerate (Only to some degree)
- Examples of regeneration include regrowing a lost limb, such as the tail of a lizard. (important note: Most lizards can lose their tails and then have them grow back. But if they lose their forelimb or hindlimb, it will not regrow)
