what is meant by harmonics show that only odd harmonics are present as overtones in a vibrating air column in a pipe closed at one end
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Answer:
A harmonic is any member of the harmonic series. The term is employed in various disciplines, including music, physics, acoustics, electronic power transmission, radio technology, and other fields. It is typically applied to repeating signals, such as sinusoidal waves. A harmonic of such a wave is a wave with a frequency that is a positive integer multiple of the frequency of the original wave, known as the fundamental frequency. The original wave is also called the 1st harmonic, the following harmonics are known as higher harmonics. As all harmonics are periodic at the fundamental frequency, the sum of harmonics is also periodic at that frequency. For example, if the fundamental frequency is 50 Hz, a common AC power supply frequency, the frequencies of the first three higher harmonics are 100 Hz (2nd harmonic), 150 Hz (3rd harmonic), 200 Hz (4th harmonic) and any addition of waves with these frequencies is periodic at 50 Hz.
Closed organ pipe : Let us consider the case of air column vibrating in a pipe closed at one end while open from the other. A glass tube partially filled with water can be used as an example. The end in contact with water is a node having maximum pressure change, while the open end is an antinode having least pressure change.
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