Question

What is meant by localized orbitals?

Answer 1

Answer:

The molecular orbital with bonded electron cloud localized between the two nuclei of bonded atoms is called localized orbital.

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Answer 2

Localized orbitals defintion:

"Localized molecular orbitals are molecular orbitals which are concentrated in a limited spatial region of a molecule, such as a specific bond or lone pair on a specific atom"

Localized orbits:

• Localized orbits are the combination of linear delocalized orbits which is obtained through certain unitary transformation. Appropriate quantum chemistry methods can produce delocalized orbits which can extent over the whole molecule.
• Wannier functions are localized orbitals in systems with periodic boundary conditions. The orbital size increases as we go down the periodic table.
• They are made up of combination of  atomic orbitals or hybrid orbitals from each atom of the molecule or molecular orbitals derived from other groups of atoms.

The localized orbitals could  be used to calculate chemical and physical properties, like the probability of finding any electron in any specific place.

Answer 3

The molecular orbitals that are present in a restricted region of a molecule are Localized orbitals

• These types of orbitals are present in a particular bond or lone pair on a particular atom

• The orbitals are directed between two nuclei of bonded atom

• The localized orbitals help to minimize the calculations which might be very complex in large systems.
• They provide a convenient method to transfer one molecule to another
• And provides an easy way to build the electronic structure of molecules which is very large

• The localized molecular orbitals are useful in chemical phenomena like a two-electron bond, lone pair.

• They possess a concentrated electron distribution.
• The density of electrons will be high in these orbitals.