Question

what is meant by periodic of rotation and revolution

Answer 1

in astronomy, the rotation period of a celestial object is the time that it takes to complete one revolution around its axis of rotation relative to the background stars.
or

In Earth: Basic planetary data. The direction of revolution—counterclockwise as viewed down from the north—is in the same sense, or direction, as the rotation of the Sun; Earth's spin, or rotation about its axis, is also in the same sense, which is called direct or prograde.

Answer 2

Earth. In Earth: Basic planetary data. The direction of revolution—counterclockwise as viewed down from the north—is in the same sense, or direction, as the rotation of the Sun; Earth's spin, or rotation about its axis, is also in the same sense, which is called direct or prograde.