Question

what is meant by phylogenetic system ??

Answer 1

Phylogenetic system” means simply a way of classifying plants—or animals—on the basis of genetic information and evidence in the fossil record.

Originally there developed one early species of plant, from plant-like ancestors. From that original species, all plants developed. Ditto with animals.

It is an imperfect system, since we don’t have complete information for all species that ever lived.

Plant taxonomy is not necessarily related to phylogenetics, but the concept is not excluded. Older florae (compendia of plants of a particular region) were generally organized from “most primitive” to “most advanced” on the basis of where related predecessor species appeared in the fossil record.

These days, most taxonomic issues are between species within genera, sometimes whether a plant is within an existing genus or warrants designation as a new genus. Discussions about higher-order taxonomic classifications have largely been resolved, mostly (but not entirely) in the 19th century. It is difficult to speculate on phylogenetic order between two extant species.

Answer 2

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➜ These systems are based on evolutionary process.

➜ Apart from classifying plants the system traces out the evolutionary relations, organisms of the same group are considered to have evolved from common ancestor.

➜ Darwin's theory of organic evolution has tremendously influence with these systems.

➜ The phylogenetic classification of angiosperms by all taxonomist lay more emphasis on floral characters since these characters are highly conserved and therefore they are reliable constants for classification.

➜ One of the first phylogenetic systems proposed was by two German botanists Engler and Prantl (1887 - 99) in their publication in German 'Die Naturalichen Pflanzen Familien'.

➜ Their system involved from plants from algae to angiosperms.