Question

What is meant by space debris ? Why there is need to manage the debris?

Answer 1

the term space debris referred to the natural debris found in the solar system: asteroids, comets, and meteoroids. However, with the 1979 beginning of the NASA Orbital Debris Program,[1] the term also refers to the debris (alt. space waste or space garbage) from the mass of defunct, artificially created objects in space, especially Earth orbit. These include old satellites and spent rocket stages, as well as the fragments from their disintegration and collisions.

As of December 2016, five satellite collisionshave generated space debris.[citation needed]Space debris is also known as orbital debris, space junk, space waste, space trash, space litter or space garbage.[2]

As of 5 July 2016, the United States Strategic Command tracked a total of 17,852 artificial objects in orbit above the Earth,[3] including 1,419 operational satellites.[4] However, these are just objects large enough to be tracked. As of January 2019, more than 128 million bits of debris smaller than 1 cm (0.4 in), about 900,000 pieces of debris 1–10 cm, and around 34,000 of pieces larger than 10 cm were estimated to be in orbit around the Earth.[5] Collisions with debris have become a hazard to spacecraft; they cause damage akin to sandblasting, especially to solar panels and optics like telescopes or star trackers that cannot be covered with a ballistic Whipple shield (unless it is transparent).[6]

Below 2,000 km (1,200 mi) Earth-altitude, pieces of debris are denser than meteoroids; most are dust from solid rocket motors, surface erosion debris like paint flakes, and frozen coolant from RORSAT (nuclear-powered satellites). For comparison, the International Space Station orbits in the 300–400 kilometres (190–250 mi) range, and the 2009 satellite collision and 2007 antisat testoccurred at 800 to 900 kilometres (500 to 560 mi) altitude.[7] The ISS has Whipple shielding; however, known debris with a collision chance over 1/10,000 are avoided by maneuvering the station.

The Kessler syndrome, a runaway chain reaction of collisions exponentially increasing the amount of debris, has been hypothesized to ensue beyond a critical density. This could affect useful polar-orbiting bands, increases the cost of protection for spacecraft missions and could destroy live satellites. Whether Kessler syndrome is already underway has been debated.[8][9] The measurement, mitigation, and potential removal of debris are conducted by some participants in the space industry.

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Answer 2

1) Space debris the remain of artificial satellites, asteroid, comets and other heavenly bodies.

There is a need for its management because our outer atmosphere get over crowder and the waste remain cause hinderance in further useful products.

2)These debris certain pose a threat to the current functional satellite,space shuttle and space stations.

3) If this collection of fragments remain unchecked and uncontrolled, it is likely to be risky to all future launching of satellites and space shuttle and there is growing possibility of space accidents. Researchers and dedicated efforts are on to find the means and ways of managing space debris.

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