Question

What is meant by the orbit of a satellite? On what basis and how are the orbits of artificial satellites classified? Answer the question

Answer 1

Great question & One of my Favorite , Thanks for asking :-)

Orbit of a satellite :-  The orbit is basically defined as a regular, repeating path by which one object in space rotates around another one. The object in an orbit is known as satellite .


Satellite orbits & It's classification :- 

1.)Geo-stationary earth orbit  (GEO) ⇒  These satellite have a distance around 36000 km from the earth. 
Example - Satellite launched in this orbit to gain all types of Radio signals , Whether signals , TV signals etc.

2) Medium earth orbit (MEO) ⇒ The satellite having distance around 5000-12000 km from the earth surface.
Example - The maximum number of satellite are launching in this area for Transmission.
3). Low earth orbit (LEO) ⇒ The satellite operates from a distance around 500-1500 km.
Example - useful for spying , even can catch small footprint. Delay of the signals is very low.

4).Highly elliptical orbit (HEO) ⇒ The satellite which don't revolve in a circular orbit are launched in this orbit. Only a very few satellite launched in HEO


Criteria for launching in a particular orbit :- 

Basically the criteria of launching satellite is depends on it's Applications .
Geostationary satellite are more popular as the satellite in this orbit is highly efficient and provide communication, broadcasting signals etc. 


See the attachment for visualizing the Orbit of LEO, MEO, GEO .



Hope it Helps :-)

Answer 2

Answer:

1.)Geo-stationary earth orbit  (GEO) ⇒  These satellite have a distance around 36000 km from the earth. 

Example - Satellite launched in this orbit to gain all types of Radio signals , Whether signals , TV signals etc.

2) Medium earth orbit (MEO) ⇒ The satellite having distance around 5000-12000 km from the earth surface.

Example - The maximum number of satellite are launching in this area for Transmission.

3). Low earth orbit (LEO) ⇒ The satellite operates from a distance around 500-1500 km.

Example - useful for spying , even can catch small footprint. Delay of the signals is very low.

4).Highly elliptical orbit (HEO) ⇒ The satellite which don't revolve in a circular orbit are launched in this orbit. Only a very few satellite launched in HEO