what is merits and demerits of census method and sample method?
Answers
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Explanation:
Census Method
Merits
Merits of a Census Investigation
Now that the census definition is clear, let’s look at the merits of a census investigation.
Intensive Study – Under census investigation, you must obtain data from each and every unit of the population. Further, it enables the statistician to study more than one aspect of all items of the population. To give you an example, the Indian Government conducts a census investigation once every 10 years. The authorities collect the data regarding the population size, males, and females, education levels, sources of income, religion, etc.
Reliable Data – The data that a statistician collects through a census investigation is more reliable, representative, and accurate. This is because, in a census, the statistician observes every item personally.
Suitable Choice – It is a great choice in situations where the different items of the population are not homogeneous.
The basis of various surveys – Data from a census investigation is used as a basis in various surveys.
Demerits
Demerits of a Census Investigation
A census investigation also has certain demerits. Some of these demerits are:
Costs – Since the statistician closely observes each and every item of the population before collecting the data, it makes a census investigation a very costly method of investigation. Usually, government organizations adopt this method to collect detailed data like the population census or agricultural census or the census of industrial protection, etc.
Time-consuming – A census investigation is time-consuming and also requires manpower to collect original data.
Possibilities of Errors – There are many possibilities of errors in the census investigation method due to non-response, measurement, lack of preciseness of the definition of statistical units or even the personal bias of the investigators.
Sample Method
Merits
. Economical:
It is economical, because we have not to collect all data. Instead of getting data from 5000 farmers, we get it from 50-100 only.
2. Less Time Consuming:
As no of units is only a fraction of the total universe, time consumed is also a fraction of total time. Number of units is considerably small, hence the time.
3. Reliable:
If sample is taken judiciously, the results are very reliable and accurate
Demerits
1. Absence of Being Representative:
Methods, such as purposive sampling may not provide a sample, that is representative.
2. Wrong Conclusion:
If the sample is not representative, the results will not be correct. These will lead to the wrong conclusions.
3. Small Universe:
Sometimes universe is so small that proper samples cannot be taken not of it. Number of units are so less.