Question

what is monovalent halide and divalent halide?

Answer 1

A divalent ion or molecule has a valence of two and thus can form two covalent bonds with other ions or molecules.

Example : MgCl2, Na2O

halogens are monovalent and they make halides (X-) by accepting one electron.

Answer 2

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The functional group of alkyl halides is a carbon-halogen bond, the common halogens being fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. With the exception of iodine, these halogens have electronegativities significantly greater than carbon. Consequently, this functional group is polarized so that the carbon is electrophilic and the halogen is nucleophilic, as shown in the drawing below.