Question

What is Mosses ?

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Answer 1

Answer -,-

Mosses are non-vascular plants in the land plant division Bryophyta. They are small (a few centimeters tall) herbaceous (non-woody) plants that absorb water and nutrients mainly through their leaves and harvest carbon dioxide and sunlight to create food by photosynthesis.

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Answer 2

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A moss is a flowerless, spore-producing plant - with the spores produced in small capsules. The introductory WHAT IS A BRYOPHYTE? page noted that bryophytes have a gametophyte stage and a sporophyte stage. The spore capsule, often with a supporting stalk (called a seta), is the sporophyte and this grows from the gametophyte stage.

You will commonly see the statement that a moss gametophyte consists of leaves on stems. That statement is so close to the whole truth that it's no surprise it's so commonly used.

When a moss spore germinates it first develops a protonema. This is a filamentous to sheet-like growth form, often with a strong resemblance to an algal colony or a fern prothallus. In due course one or more stems grow from the protonema and leaves develop on the stems, giving rise to one or more leafy-stemmed plants. In almost all moss species, the protonemata are ephemeral, with the leafy-stemmed plants the persistent and dominant growth form. But there are exceptions. In some species the protonema is persistent and the leafy part is ephemeral. The term gametophore is used for the stems-and-leaves part and the protonema and gametophore together make up the gametophyte. Now, as already noted, in almost all species the protonema is ephemeral and insignificant when compared with the leafy-stemmed growth. So the leafy-stemmed part is the gametophyte in the great majority of species. It now becomes clear why that fact is often generalized to the statement that the gametophyte in all mosses is leafy-stemmed. For more about the early development, see the LIFE CYCLE SECTION. In contrast to the case in mosses, a liverwort protonema is rudimentary.

The aim of this page is simply to describe the features you can see in a moss - in both the gametophyte and sporophyte stages. You will see some, but by no means all, of the variety in moss gametophytes and sporophytes.

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