What is muscular tissue? Describe structure and function of striated muscle fibers.
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Answer:
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Explanation:
Muscle tissue is a soft tissue that composes muscles in animal bodies and gives rise to muscles' ability to contract.
There are mainly three types of muscle tissue:-
1)Skeletal(Striated) Muscle:
Structure: Skeletal muscle is called "striated" because of its appearance consisting of light and dark bands visible using a light microscope. A single skeletal muscle cell is long and approximately cylindrical in shape, with many nuclei located at the edges (periphery) of the cell.
Function:
Movement of the skeleton under conscious control, including movement of limbs, fingers, toes, neck, etc.
Movement of tissues of facial expression under conscious control, e.g. ability to smile and to frown.
2)Smooth(Non-Striated) Muscle:
Structure: Unlike Skeletal and Cardiac muscle tissue, Smooth muscle is not striated. Smooth muscle fibres are small and tapered - with the ends reducing in size, in contrast to the cylindrical shape of a skeletal muscle. Each smooth muscle fibre has a single centrally located nucleus.
Function: Contractions of smooth muscle constrict (i.e. narrow = reduce the diameter of) the vessels they surround. This is particularly important in the digestive system in which the action of smooth muscle helps to move food along the gastrointestinal tract as well as breaking the food down further. Smooth muscle also contributes to moving fluids through the body and to the elimination of indigestible matter from the gastrointestinal system.
3)Cardiac(Semi-Striated) Muscle:
Structure: Cardiac muscle fibers are striated, branched (sometimes described as Y-shaped), and have a single central nucleus. These fibers are attached at their ends to adjoining fibers by thick plasma membranes called intercalated discs.
Function: Pumping of blood through the heart: Alternate contraction and relaxation of cardiac muscle pumps
De-oxygenated blood through the Right Atrium and Right Ventricle to the lungs, and oxygenated blood through the Left Atrium and Left Ventricle to the aorta, then the rest of the body.
Answer:
Explanation:
Muscle tissue is a soft tissue that composes muscles in animal bodies, and gives rise to muscles' ability to contract. This is opposed to other components or tissues in muscle such as tendons or perimysium. It is formed during embryonic development through a process known as myogenesis.[1] Muscle tissue consists of elongated cells also called as muscle fibres. This tissue is responsible for movements in our body. Muscles contain special proteins called contractile protein which contract and relax to cause movement.
Muscle tissues vary with function and location in the body. In mammals the three types are: skeletal or striated muscle; smooth or non-striated muscle; and cardiac muscle, which is sometimes known as semi-striated. Smooth and cardiac muscle contracts involuntarily, without conscious intervention. These muscle types may be activated both through the interaction of the central nervous system as well as by receiving innervation from peripheral plexus or endocrine (hormonal) activation. Striated or skeletal muscle only contracts voluntarily, upon the influence of the central nervous system. Reflexes are a form of nonconscious activation of skeletal muscles, but nonetheless arise through activation of the central nervous system, albeit not engaging cortical structures until after the contraction has occurred.[1]
The different muscle types vary in their response to neurotransmitters and endocrine substances such as acetylcholine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, nitric oxide and among others depending on muscle type and the exact location of the muscle
