what is neutralization
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neutralization or neutralisation (see spelling differences), is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a basereact quantitatively with each other. In a reaction in water, neutralization results in there being no excess of hydrogen or hydroxide ions present in the solution. The pH of the neutralized solution depends on the acid strength of the reactants. Neutralization is used in many applications.
Meaning of "neutralization"Edit
In the context of a chemical reaction the term neutralization is used for a reaction between an acid and a base or alkali. Historically, this reaction was represented as
acid + base(alkali) → salt + water
For example:
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
The statement is still valid as long as it is understood that in an aqueous solution the substances involved are subject to dissociation, which changes the substances ionization state. The arrow sign, →, is used because the reaction is complete, that is, neutralization is a quantitative reaction. A more general definition is based on Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory.
AH + B → A + BH
Electrical charges are omitted from generic expressions such as this, as each species A, AH, B, or BH may or may not carry an electrical charge. Neutralization of sulphuric acid provides a specific example. Two partial neutralization reactions are possible in this instance.
H2SO4 + OH− → HSO4−+ H2OHSO4− + OH− → SO42−+ H2OOverall: H2SO4 + 2OH− → SO42−+ 2H2O
After an acid AH has been neutralized there are no molecules of the acid (or hydrogen ions produced by dissociation of the molecule) left in solution.
When an acid is neutralized the amount of base added to it must be equal the amount of acid present initially. This amount of base is said to be the equivalent amount. In a titration of an acid with a base, the point of neutralization can also be called the equivalence point. The quantitative nature of the neutralization reaction is most conveniently expressed in terms of the concentrations of acid and alkali. At the equivalence point:
volume (acid) × concentration (H+ ions from dissociation) = volume (base) × concentration (OH− ions)
In general, for an acid AHn at concentration c1 reacting with a base B(OH)m at concentration c2 the volumes are related by:
n v1 c1 = m v2 c2
An example of a base being neutralized by an acid is as follows.
Ba(OH)2 + 2H+ → Ba2+ + 2H2O
The same equation relating the concentrations of acid and base applies. The concept of neutralization is not limited to reactions in solution. For example, the reaction of limestonewith acid such as sulfuric acid is also a neutralization reaction.
[Ca,Mg]CO3(s) + H2SO4(aq) → (Ca2+, Mg2+)(aq) + SO42−(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O
Such reactions are important in soil chemistry.
Meaning of "neutralization"Edit
In the context of a chemical reaction the term neutralization is used for a reaction between an acid and a base or alkali. Historically, this reaction was represented as
acid + base(alkali) → salt + water
For example:
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
The statement is still valid as long as it is understood that in an aqueous solution the substances involved are subject to dissociation, which changes the substances ionization state. The arrow sign, →, is used because the reaction is complete, that is, neutralization is a quantitative reaction. A more general definition is based on Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory.
AH + B → A + BH
Electrical charges are omitted from generic expressions such as this, as each species A, AH, B, or BH may or may not carry an electrical charge. Neutralization of sulphuric acid provides a specific example. Two partial neutralization reactions are possible in this instance.
H2SO4 + OH− → HSO4−+ H2OHSO4− + OH− → SO42−+ H2OOverall: H2SO4 + 2OH− → SO42−+ 2H2O
After an acid AH has been neutralized there are no molecules of the acid (or hydrogen ions produced by dissociation of the molecule) left in solution.
When an acid is neutralized the amount of base added to it must be equal the amount of acid present initially. This amount of base is said to be the equivalent amount. In a titration of an acid with a base, the point of neutralization can also be called the equivalence point. The quantitative nature of the neutralization reaction is most conveniently expressed in terms of the concentrations of acid and alkali. At the equivalence point:
volume (acid) × concentration (H+ ions from dissociation) = volume (base) × concentration (OH− ions)
In general, for an acid AHn at concentration c1 reacting with a base B(OH)m at concentration c2 the volumes are related by:
n v1 c1 = m v2 c2
An example of a base being neutralized by an acid is as follows.
Ba(OH)2 + 2H+ → Ba2+ + 2H2O
The same equation relating the concentrations of acid and base applies. The concept of neutralization is not limited to reactions in solution. For example, the reaction of limestonewith acid such as sulfuric acid is also a neutralization reaction.
[Ca,Mg]CO3(s) + H2SO4(aq) → (Ca2+, Mg2+)(aq) + SO42−(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O
Such reactions are important in soil chemistry.
Answered by
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NEUTALISATION REACTION -:
The type of chemical reaction vin which an acis and base react ti form salt and water only is referred to as a neutralisation reaction.....
NaOH + HCl => NaCl + H2O
The type of chemical reaction vin which an acis and base react ti form salt and water only is referred to as a neutralisation reaction.....
NaOH + HCl => NaCl + H2O
Aarchi011:
Hii
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