Question

what is Newton's Second Law of Motion​

Answer 1

Explanation:

In classical mechanics, Newton's laws of motion are three laws that describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it. The first law states that an object either remains at rest or continues to move at a constant velocity, unless it is acted upon by an external force.[1] The second law states that the rate of change of momentum of an object is directly proportional to the force applied, or, for an object with constant mass, that the net force on an object is equal to the mass of that object multiplied by the acceleration. The third law states that when one object exerts a force on a second object, that second object exerts a force that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first object.

The three laws of motion were first compiled by Isaac Newton in his Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), first published in 1687.[2] Newton used them to explain and investigate the motion of many physical objects and systems, which laid the foundation for Newtonian mechanics.[3]

Answer 2

ɴᴇᴡᴛᴏɴ's sᴇᴄᴏɴᴅ ʟᴀᴡ

ᴛʜᴇ sᴇᴄᴏɴᴅ ʟᴀᴡ sᴛᴀᴛᴇs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴀᴛᴇ ᴏғ ᴄʜᴀɴɢᴇ ᴏғ ᴍᴏᴍᴇɴᴛᴜᴍ ᴏғ ᴀ ʙᴏᴅʏ ᴏᴠᴇʀ ᴛɪᴍᴇ ɪs ᴅɪʀᴇᴄᴛʟʏ ᴘʀᴏᴘᴏʀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ғᴏʀᴄᴇ ᴀᴘᴘʟɪᴇᴅ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴏᴄᴄᴜʀs ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ sᴀᴍᴇ ᴅɪʀᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ᴀᴘᴘʟɪᴇᴅ ғᴏʀᴄᴇ.

{\ᴅɪsᴘʟᴀʏsᴛʏʟᴇ \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ғ} ={\ғʀᴀᴄ {\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴘ} }{\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴛ}}}{\ᴅɪsᴘʟᴀʏsᴛʏʟᴇ \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ғ} ={\ғʀᴀᴄ {\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴘ} }{\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴛ}}}

ᴡʜᴇʀᴇ {\ᴅɪsᴘʟᴀʏsᴛʏʟᴇ \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴘ} }\ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴘ} ɪs ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴏᴍᴇɴᴛᴜᴍ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏᴅʏ.

sᴏᴍᴇ ᴛᴇxᴛʙᴏᴏᴋs ᴜsᴇ ɴᴇᴡᴛᴏɴ's sᴇᴄᴏɴᴅ ʟᴀᴡ ᴀs ᴀ ᴅᴇғɪɴɪᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ғᴏʀᴄᴇ,[][][] ʙᴜᴛ ᴛʜɪs ʜᴀs ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴅɪsᴘᴀʀᴀɢᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ᴛᴇxᴛʙᴏᴏᴋs.[]:–[]:

ᴄᴏɴsᴛᴀɴᴛ ᴍᴀss

ғᴏʀ ᴏʙᴊᴇᴄᴛs ᴀɴᴅ sʏsᴛᴇᴍs ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴄᴏɴsᴛᴀɴᴛ ᴍᴀss,[][][] ᴛʜᴇ sᴇᴄᴏɴᴅ ʟᴀᴡ ᴄᴀɴ ʙᴇ ʀᴇ-sᴛᴀᴛᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴛᴇʀᴍs ᴏғ ᴀɴ ᴏʙᴊᴇᴄᴛ's ᴀᴄᴄᴇʟᴇʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ.

{\ᴅɪsᴘʟᴀʏsᴛʏʟᴇ \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ғ} ={\ғʀᴀᴄ {\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} (ᴍ\ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴠ} )}{\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴛ}}=ᴍ\,{\ғʀᴀᴄ {\,\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴠ} \,}{\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴛ}}=ᴍ\ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴀ} ,}{\ᴅɪsᴘʟᴀʏsᴛʏʟᴇ \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ғ} ={\ғʀᴀᴄ {\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} (ᴍ\ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴠ} )}{\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴛ}}=ᴍ\,{\ғʀᴀᴄ {\,\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴠ} \,}{\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴛ}}=ᴍ\ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴀ} ,}

ᴡʜᴇʀᴇ ғ ɪs ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴇᴛ ғᴏʀᴄᴇ ᴀᴘᴘʟɪᴇᴅ, ᴍ ɪs ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀss ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏᴅʏ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴀ ɪs ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏᴅʏ's ᴀᴄᴄᴇʟᴇʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ. ᴛʜᴜs, ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴇᴛ ғᴏʀᴄᴇ ᴀᴘᴘʟɪᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴀ ʙᴏᴅʏ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴇs ᴀ ᴘʀᴏᴘᴏʀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴀᴄᴄᴇʟᴇʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ.

ᴠᴀʀɪᴀʙʟᴇ-ᴍᴀss sʏsᴛᴇᴍs

ᴍᴀɪɴ ᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ: ᴠᴀʀɪᴀʙʟᴇ-ᴍᴀss sʏsᴛᴇᴍ

ᴠᴀʀɪᴀʙʟᴇ-ᴍᴀss sʏsᴛᴇᴍs, ʟɪᴋᴇ ᴀ ʀᴏᴄᴋᴇᴛ ʙᴜʀɴɪɴɢ ғᴜᴇʟ ᴀɴᴅ ᴇᴊᴇᴄᴛɪɴɢ sᴘᴇɴᴛ ɢᴀsᴇs, ᴀʀᴇ ɴᴏᴛ ᴄʟᴏsᴇᴅ ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴀɴɴᴏᴛ ʙᴇ ᴅɪʀᴇᴄᴛʟʏ ᴛʀᴇᴀᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴍᴀᴋɪɴɢ ᴍᴀss ᴀ ғᴜɴᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴛɪᴍᴇ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ sᴇᴄᴏɴᴅ ʟᴀᴡ;[][] ᴛʜᴇ ᴇǫᴜᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴍᴏᴛɪᴏɴ ғᴏʀ ᴀ ʙᴏᴅʏ ᴡʜᴏsᴇ ᴍᴀss ᴍ ᴠᴀʀɪᴇs ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛɪᴍᴇ ʙʏ ᴇɪᴛʜᴇʀ ᴇᴊᴇᴄᴛɪɴɢ ᴏʀ ᴀᴄᴄʀᴇᴛɪɴɢ ᴍᴀss ɪs ᴏʙᴛᴀɪɴᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴀᴘᴘʟʏɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ sᴇᴄᴏɴᴅ ʟᴀᴡ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇɴᴛɪʀᴇ, ᴄᴏɴsᴛᴀɴᴛ-ᴍᴀss sʏsᴛᴇᴍ ᴄᴏɴsɪsᴛɪɴɢ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏᴅʏ ᴀɴᴅ ɪᴛs ᴇᴊᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ᴏʀ ᴀᴄᴄʀᴇᴛᴇᴅ ᴍᴀss; ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇsᴜʟᴛ ɪs[]

{\ᴅɪsᴘʟᴀʏsᴛʏʟᴇ \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ғ} +\ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴜ} {\ғʀᴀᴄ {\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴍ}{\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴛ}}=ᴍ{\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴠ} \ᴏᴠᴇʀ \ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴛ}}\ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ғ} +\ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴜ} {\ғʀᴀᴄ {\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴍ}{\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴛ}}=ᴍ{\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴠ} \ᴏᴠᴇʀ \ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴛ}

ᴡʜᴇʀᴇ ᴜ ɪs ᴛʜᴇ ᴇxʜᴀᴜsᴛ ᴠᴇʟᴏᴄɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇsᴄᴀᴘɪɴɢ ᴏʀ ɪɴᴄᴏᴍɪɴɢ ᴍᴀss ʀᴇʟᴀᴛɪᴠᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏᴅʏ. ғʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜɪs ᴇǫᴜᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏɴᴇ ᴄᴀɴ ᴅᴇʀɪᴠᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇǫᴜᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴍᴏᴛɪᴏɴ ғᴏʀ ᴀ ᴠᴀʀʏɪɴɢ ᴍᴀss sʏsᴛᴇᴍ, ғᴏʀ ᴇxᴀᴍᴘʟᴇ, ᴛʜᴇ ᴛsɪᴏʟᴋᴏᴠsᴋʏ ʀᴏᴄᴋᴇᴛ ᴇǫᴜᴀᴛɪᴏɴ.

ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ sᴏᴍᴇ ᴄᴏɴᴠᴇɴᴛɪᴏɴs, ᴛʜᴇ ǫᴜᴀɴᴛɪᴛʏ {\ᴅɪsᴘʟᴀʏsᴛʏʟᴇ \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴜ} {\ғʀᴀᴄ {\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴍ}{\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴛ}}}{\ᴅɪsᴘʟᴀʏsᴛʏʟᴇ \ᴍᴀᴛʜʙғ {ᴜ} {\ғʀᴀᴄ {\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴍ}{\ᴍᴀᴛʜʀᴍ {ᴅ} ᴛ}}} ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴇғᴛ-ʜᴀɴᴅ sɪᴅᴇ, ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ʀᴇᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴛs ᴛʜᴇ ᴀᴅᴠᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴍᴏᴍᴇɴᴛᴜᴍ, ɪs ᴅᴇғɪɴᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴀ ғᴏʀᴄᴇ (ᴛʜᴇ ғᴏʀᴄᴇ ᴇxᴇʀᴛᴇᴅ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏᴅʏ ʙʏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄʜᴀɴɢɪɴɢ ᴍᴀss, sᴜᴄʜ ᴀs ʀᴏᴄᴋᴇᴛ ᴇxʜᴀᴜsᴛ) ᴀɴᴅ ɪs ɪɴᴄʟᴜᴅᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ǫᴜᴀɴᴛɪᴛʏ ғ. ᴛʜᴇɴ, ʙʏ sᴜʙsᴛɪᴛᴜᴛɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇғɪɴɪᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴀᴄᴄᴇʟᴇʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ, ᴛʜᴇ ᴇǫᴜᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ʙᴇᴄᴏᴍᴇs ғ = ᴍᴀ.