WHAT IS NITROGEN? HOW WE CAN PROVE IT WITH EXPERIMENT?
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Answer:
Aim of experiment: To show that air contains nitrogen and oxygen in the ratio 4:1 by volume.
Procedure: Take a glass container and fix a candle at its center. Put some quantity of water in the container. Place an empty, dry gas jar over it. Mark five marks above water surface on the jar at equal distances shown in the figure given below.
The candle is lightened and is covered with the gas jar. After some time the candle extinguished and the water level is raised in gas jar. The raised level in water is 1/5 of the volume of air in the gas jar.
This proves that one part of the air of the jar is a gas which supports combustion, i.e., oxygen. Hence, 1/5 by volume is oxygen in air.
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OK, we know that most of the air we breath in is nitrogen, but how can we see it is really there, knowing that it is is a colourless, odourless and tasteless gas ?
Here is a simple experiment which turns some of the nitrogen and oxygen from the air into a deep orange-red gas, called nitrogen dioxide.
A large glass flask is filled with air at atmospheric pressure and placed in front of a photographic light box for back-light illumination. High voltage, applied to two electrodes inside the flask, produces an electrical discharge through the air. Within one minute, the air inside the flask turns noticeably orange-brown due to the NO2 created.
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