Question

What is orbital velocity of a body? How is it independent of mass of the body?

Answer 1

Orbital velocity is the minimum velocity provided to a object to satellite to keep it continuously moving on its path without any external force. If the velocity is less than orbital velocity then the satellite will fall to the ground, and also if the velocity is more than orbital velocity then the object or satellite will escape from the atmosphere.

Orbital Velocity = √[g(R+h)]
where ;
g = acc. due to gravity
R = Radius of a planet
h = height above the surface is a planet
Orbital velocity only depends on the above mentioned factor that is 'g',R& h.
It is not that orbital velocity does not depend on mass, for providing this velocity we have to give the amount of force to it, if the mass is less then the velocity can be easily achieved.