Question

what is Organizing the small regions under one central authority called?

Answer 1

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A central government is the government that is a controlling power over a unitary state. Always equivalent in a federation is the federal government, which may have distinct powers at various levels authorized or delegated to it by its federated states, though the adjective 'central' is sometimes also used to describe it.

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Answer 2

Federation  is organising the small regions under one central authority called

Explanation:

• The term federation refers to groupings of states, usually on a regional basis, which set-up central executive machinery to supervise joint activities or to execute policies.
• Federation is a system of government wherein sovereign powers are formally split among a central authority and several constituent regions so that every region retains certain degree of control over the internal affairs.