Question

what is oxidative phosphorylation explain please???​

Answer 1

ANSWER :-

OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION :-

☘ The synthesis of ATP molecules during respiration is called oxidative phosphorylation.

☘ Oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism.

☘ The inner surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane have many outgrowth called oxyzomes.

☘ This process converts energy from for into cellular energy by the synthesis of ATP.

☘ These reactions require high energy electrons for further processes.

☘ This process also utilises the stored energy of proton gradient.

☘ The enzyme required for ATP synthesis is called ATP synthase.

☘ ATP synthase is present in the F1 region or head region.

☘ Production of reactive oxygen species takes place.

☘ The enzymes carrying out pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons.

Answer 2

✦ Final Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation is a metabolic pathway wherein electron carriers like NADH2 and FADH2 move through the electron transport chain to pump protons into the inter-membrane space of mitochondria resulting in the establishment of a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This proton gradient results in movement of protons to mitochondrial matrix through F1 unit of ATP synthase. The energy of moving protons is utilized to form ATP from ADP & inorganic phosphate.

Tip

The process off using high energy electrons are used to oxidatively phosphorylate ADP molecules into ATP molecules is called oxidative phosphorylation.

Explanation

• Oxidative phosphorylation is the last step of cellular respiration. It consists of two steps- Electron transport chain (ETC) and chemiosmosis.

• In glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle, the NADH2 and FADH2 obtained so far are dissociated.

• The electron transport chain is a series of proteins that receive high energy electrons from NADH2 and FADH2 molecules.

• These electrons moves from one member of ETC to another member. The final acceptor of these electrons is oxygen, so oxygen is reduced to form water molecules.

• When the electrons moved through ETS, it’s seen that every time energy is released, a pair of proton is pumped from matrix into inter-membrane space of mitochondria.

• A proton gradient is established as inter-membrane space has high proton concentration.

• The mitochondrial membrane has another protein complex known as ATP synthase embedded in it. This complex has two units the F1 unit and the F0 unit. The hydrogen ions that are at higher concentration in the inter-membrane space can enter through the F1 unit of the enzyme.

• As the pair of proton can come to matrix through F1 particle, its energy is utilized to combine ADP and Pi to form ATP.

• It has been observed each NADH2 and FADH2 is worth 3 ATP and 2 ATP respectively.