Question

what is paramagnetism and curies law

Answer 1

In a paramagnetic material, the magnetization of the material is (approximately) directly proportional to an applied magnetic field. However, if the material is heated, this proportionality is reduced: for a fixed value of the field, the magnetization is (approximately) inversely proportional to temperature. This fact is encapsulated by Curie's law:

{\displaystyle \mathbf {M} =C\cdot {\frac {\mathbf {B} }{T}},} {\mathbf {M}}=C\cdot {\frac {{\mathbf {B}}}{T}},
where

{\displaystyle \mathbf {M} } \mathbf {M} is the resulting magnetization
{\displaystyle \mathbf {B} } \mathbf {B} is the magnetic field, measured in tesla
{\displaystyle T} T is absolute temperature, measured in kelvins
{\displaystyle C} C is a material-specific Curie constant.