what is parenchyma?what are the two types of parenchyma
Answers
Answer:
Parenchyma, in plants, tissue typically composed of living cells that are thin-walled, unspecialized in structure, and therefore adaptable, with differentiation, to various functions.
Types of Parenchyma Cells
Vascular Parenchyma: The parenchyma cells which are associated with vascular tissues. These are of two types: Phloem Parenchyma: It is made up of elongated, tapering and cylindrical cells having dense cytoplasm. Xylem Parenchyma: It is made up of thin-walled cells.
Answer:
It is a living cell
It has a prominent nucleus and protoplast
The cells of parenchyma are isodiametric or polyhedral in shape. They may be polygonal, oval, round or elongated
These cells are closely packed or may have small intercellular space
They are made up of thin cell wall made up of cellulose, hemicellulose
Plasmodesmata join the cells of the parenchyma tissue
They have several small vacuoles. In the older parenchyma, smaller vacuoles merge to become a large central vacuole, which may accumulate anthocyanin or tannins
Water is abundant in the vacuoles of the parenchyma cells that act as a water reservoir
Storage parenchyma cells may have thick xyloglucan walls e.g. in the endosperm of the date palm. The sugar is used during germination and walls become thin
The parenchyma cells of flowers and fruits contain chromoplasts
Parenchyma cells may have a thick lignified wall that makes it difficult to differentiate it from sclerenchyma
Hydraulic property of cells gives the parenchyma its mechanical strength
Chloroplasts are present in the parenchyma cells that are specified to perform photosynthesis
The parenchyma cells which perform a secretory function, have dense protoplasm that is rich in ribosomes, Golgi bodies and a highly developed endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation:
They are living permanent tissues that have the ability to divide at maturity and help in the regeneration and healing of wounds
Parenchyma cells are the foundation of a plant as reproductive cells (spores, gametes) are parenchymatous in nature
Single parenchyma cell of a zygote has an ability to develop into an entire plant. These cells are called “totipotent” cells
Parenchyma cells occur in the form of continuous masses as homogeneous parenchyma tissues e.g. in pith and cortex of stems and roots, mesophyll of leaves, the flesh of succulent fruits and in the endosperm of seeds
Parenchyma cells may be associated with other types of cells to form heterogeneous complex tissues such as parenchyma of xylem and phloem
Parenchyma cells are essential for activities like photosynthesis, storage, secretion, assimilation, respiration, excretion and radial transport of water and solute