Question

What is parenchyma ? Write its location and function​

Answer 1

Answer:

In plants, parenchyma refers to a tissue composed of living cells, usually having only thin, primary cell walls and varying widely by morphology and metabolism. ... Parenchyma forms the bulk of plant ground tissue, where they may be specialised to function in photosynthesis, storage, or transport.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Parenchyma is a type of simple permanent tissue that makes a major part of ground tissues in plants, where other tissues like vascular tissues are embedded. They are non-vascular and composed of simple, living and undifferentiated cells, which are modified to perform various functions.

Location - Parenchyma cells occur in the form of continuous masses as homogeneous parenchyma tissues e.g. in pith and cortex of stems and roots, mesophyll of leaves, the flesh of succulent fruits and in the endosperm of seeds.

Functions of Parenchyma cells

Parenchyma cells form the ground tissue of plants. Parenchyma tissues perform various important functions:

• Storage: Parenchyma cells have large intercellular space which is ideal for storage

1. High amount of starch is present in the tubers of potato and cassava
2. These can store water, fats, oil droplets, and ergastic substances
3. Store water and act as a water reservoir

• Transport: Parenchyma cells transport nutrients and other chemicals

1. Transfer cells have outgrowth for increasing absorption surface
2. The xylem parenchyma helps in radial transportation of water and minerals
3. Some cells transport light from the surface to underground cells

• Photosynthesis: Chlorenchyma present in the mesophyll and the other green parts of the plant, have chloroplasts and perform photosynthesis
• Gas Exchange: Aerenchyma cells help in the gas exchange
• Protection: In gymnosperms, the parenchymatous cell have spiny projections that help in the protection from predators
• Totipotent: Parenchyma cells have an ability to transform to the other types of cells and act as a precursor for other types of cells
• Buoyancy: Aerenchyma present in aquatic plants have air sacs that help in floating
• Cuticle present on epidermis helps in reducing transpiration in water stress condition
• Thick-walled parenchyma cells provide mechanical strength to the plant
• Healing and regeneration: Parenchyma cells which retain their ability to divide even on maturity help in regeneration and wound healing. Tyloses present in the xylem parenchyma help in preventing damage to vascular tissues in the condition of draught

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