Question

What is periodicity in properties of elements with reference to modern periodic table? Why do all elements of same group have similar properties? How does the tendency of elements to gain electrons change as we move from left to right in the periods?

Answer 1

periodicity is the repetition of elements with similar properties when they are arranged according to their atomic no. in the periodic table.
all elements of the same group have the similar properties because because they have similar outer electronic configuration. for example, in group 17 ,halogens have the electronic configuration ns^2 np^7 .
as we move from left to right, size decreases, nuclear charge increases and hence the electrons feel more attracted towards the atom and hence the tendency to gain electrons increases. Halogens (group 17 elements) are the most electronegative with Fluorine being the highest.

Answer 2

Solution: Properties which reappear at regular intervals or in which there is gradual variation at regular intervals are called periodic properties, and the phenomenon is known as the periodicity of elements. Elements in the same group or column have the same number of electrons in their outermost shell. Hence, elements of the same group have similar properties. On moving across a period from left to right, the tendency to gain electrons increases. This is due to an increase in the nuclear pull and a decrease in atomic size.

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