Question

WHAT IS PERMANENT HARDNESS OF WATER???

HOW TO REMOVE IT

Answer 1

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Here's your Answer......

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HARD WATER contains Magnesium and Calcium ions.

Temporary Hardness can be removed by dissolving Calcium Hydroxide.

While, Borax is usually used to reduce the alkalinity of soap solution rather than to soften water.
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Answer 2

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Permanent hardness cannot be removed by boiling, but can be removed by ion exchange or other water softener devices.

Hard water contains dissolved magnesium and calcium ions. These make it more difficult for the water to form a lather with soap.

Temporary hardness is caused by dissolved calcium hydrogencarbonate (which is removed by boiling). 

Permanent hardness is caused by dissolved calcium sulfate (which is not removed by boiling).

Softening is the process of removing the dissolved calcium and magnesium salts that cause hardness in water.

It is achieved either by adding chemicals that form insoluble precipitates or by ion exchange.

Chemicals used for softening include calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) and sodium.