what is photosynthesis ✌️
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Answer:
Why do We Respire
All living organisms are made up of small microscopic building blocks called the cell. The cell is considered to be the smallest functional and structural unit of life. The cell performs all the vital functions of the body like transport, nutrition, respiration, excretion, and reproduction. Cells need the energy to perform all these important functions. The source of this energy is the food that we eat. Food releases energy during the process of respiration.
During respiration, all animals breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. The oxygen that we breathe in is transported to all cells of the body and functions in the processing of food. This processing of food in the cells to release energy is called cellular respiration. During respiration, food is broken down in the presence of oxygen to form energy and carbon dioxide. When glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen, it is called aerobic respiration. When glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration. During the breakdown of food, energy is released.
Glucose−→−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−In the presence of oxygenCarbon dioxide + water + energy
However, not all organisms use oxygen in the breakdown of glucose. For example, yeast can survive in the absence of oxygen. This type of organism is called anaerobe. They obtain energy from glucose in the absence of oxygen. The end products of anaerobic respiration are alcohol, carbon dioxide, and energy.
Glucose−→−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−In the absence of oxygenCarbon dioxide + alcohol + energy
Yeasts are unicellular organisms that produce energy and alcohol by anaerobic respiration. The alcohol thus produced is used in the manufacture of beer and wines. Our muscle cells can also perform anaerobic respiration for a short period when it experiences oxygen deficiency, for example, during running, heavy exercise, walking, cycling, or heavy weight lifting. i.e., when the energy demand of the cells is high.
Glucose−→−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−In the absence of oxygenlactic acid + energy
Due to the anaerobic respiration of the muscles, muscular cramps develop. Due to the partial breakdown of glucose, lactic acid is produced. Accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles leads to muscle cramps. We get relief from such cramps by massaging those parts or after a hot water bath. Massage or a hot water bath improves blood circulation, and thus improves the oxygen supply to the affected muscles. In the presence of oxygen, lactic acid is converted to carbon dioxide and water.
10.2 Breathing
As discussed earlier, during breathing, we take in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. Breathing in the air is known as inhalation while giving out the air is called exhalation. The inhalation and exhalation process continues throughout an organism’s life. Both the processes occur simultaneously and together constitute the breathing process.
The number of times a person breathes in a minute is called breathing rate. The breathing rate is not constant but changes often according to the oxygen requirement of the body. For example, during heavy exercise, a person breathes more to meet with the oxygen requirement of the muscles. When the person breathes faster, the oxygen supply to the cells increases, which increases the breakdown of food and release of energy. As a result, the person also feels hungry after any physical activity.
Similarly, when a person feels drowsy, the energy requirement of his cells is low. Therefore, the breathing slows down. The average breathing rate of a person during normal activities is about 15-18 times in a minute. It increases to about 25 times a minute during heavy exercise. Additionally, during exercise, we not only breathe faster but also breathe deeply so that we can take in more oxygen.
10.3 How do We Breathe
In general, we breathe in through the nostrils. The air passes from the nostrils to the nasal cavity and is then transferred to the lungs via windpipe. Lungs are present in the chest cavity on either side of the heart. The ribs surround them on all sides. The diaphragm, a big muscular sheet, makes the chest cavity floor. During inhalation, the ribs move outwards and up while the diaphragm goes down. Such movements create more space in the chest cavity, allowing the air to rush in and fill the lungs.
The opposite takes place during respiration. The ribs move inwards and downwards, and the diaphragm moves back to the original position. As a result, the space inside the chest cavity is decreased, and the air is gradually pushed out of the lungs.
Answer:
the process by which green plants turn carbon dioxide and water into food using energy from sunlight
Explanation:
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