Question

what is pneumatophores

Answer 1

pneumatophores :

A specialized root that grows upwards out of the water or mud to reach the air and obtain oxygen for the root systems of trees that live in swampy or tidal habitats. The knees of mangroves and the bald cypress are pneumatophores. Also called air root.

Pneumatophores or respiratory roots are short, vertical and negatively geotropic roots which occur in mangrove plants. The roots come out of swamp. Their upper ends bears lenticels for exchange of gases. Avicennia, Heritiera, Rhizophora and Sonneratia are some examples of plants producing pneumatophores. Pneumatophores are present in mangrove plants only, like Heritiera fomes, Ceriops sp. , Excoecaria sp. etc