what is
principal of DNA fingerprinting
Answers
Short tandem repeats (STRs) contain 2-5 base pair repeats and variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) have repeats of 9-80 base pairs. ... As a result, every individual has a distinct composition of VNTRs and this is the main principle of DNA fingerprinting.
Answer:
DNA fingerprinting or DNA profiling is a process which is used to determine the nucleotide sequence at a certain part of the DNA that is unique in all human being. Out of 66,000,000,000 base pairs of nucleotides, 99.9% of the nucleotide sequence of the DNA is same in all human being but 0.1% of the sequence differs in all human being and the main purpose of DNA fingerprinting is to find out the genetic difference between the compared individuals. DNA fingerprinting is the most efficient and fastest way to compare the DNA sequence of any two individuals. Alex Jeffreys discovered the process of DNA fingerprinting in 1985 and for this he is also known as the father of DNA fingerprinting. In India, Lajit Singh is known as the father of Indian DNA fingerprinting.
Principle of DNA fingerprinting
3,000,000 base pairs of nucleotide that is 0.1% of the genomes are unique in all human being. This uniqueness in the base sequence doesn't only occur in genes but also in repetitive DNA also known as satellite DNA. Due to density gradient configuration in the satellite DNA, various small peaks are formed on the DNA which gives rise to polymorphism. One of the main satellite DNA having high degree of polymorphism is variable number tandem repeats (VNTR). Since a child receive 50% of the DNA from its father and the other 50% from his mother, so the number VNTRs at a particular area of the DNA of the child will be different may be due to insertion, deletion or mutation in the base pairs. As a result, every individual has a distinct composition of VNTRs and this is the main principle of DNA fingerprinting
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