Question

what is protonema ? give its significance​

Answer 1

Answer:

Protonema – It is the first stage in the life cycle of a moss, developing directly from the spore. It consists of creeping, green, branched, and often filamentous structures.

Moss spores germinate to form an algae-like filamentous structure called the protonema. It represents the juvenile gametophyte. While the protonema is growing by apical cell division, at some stage, under the influence of the phytohormone cytokinin, buds are induced which grow by three-faced apical cells.

Answer 2

Explanation:

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