Question

What is protonema in bryophytes​

Answer 1

Answer:

A protonema (plural: protonemata) is a thread-like chain of cells that forms the earliest stage of development of the gametophyte (the haploid phase) in the life cycle of mosses. ... Moss spores germinate to form an alga-like filamentous structure called the protonema. It represents the juvenile gametophyte.

Answer 2

• A protonema (plural: protonemata) is a thread-like chain of cells that forms the earliest stage of development of the gametophyte (the haploid phase) in the life cycle of mosses. ... Moss spores germinate to form an alga-like filamentous structure called the protonema. It represents the juvenile gametophyte.

OR

• The protonema, which grows directly from the germinating spore, is in most mosses an extensive, branched system of multicellular filaments that are rich in chlorophyll. This stage initiates the accumulation of hormones that influence the further growth of newly formed cells.