What is respiration ?
Explain its types.
Answers
Respiration is the process where a living organism inhales oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide, releasing energy.
Explanation:
Respiration is the process where a living organism inhales oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide, releasing energy. It is a physical and chemical process through which oxygen is supplied to all tissues of the body.
There are three major types of respiration:
- Eternal respiration
The process of exchange of gases happens through exhalation and inhalation. There are various methods through which external respiration happens depending on how developed the respiratory organs are. Some organisms like frogs are capable of exchanging gases through their skin, animals with modified lungs exchange gases with the blood stream internally.
- Internal respiration
It involves exchange of gases through blood stream and body cells. The oxygen derived externally is diffused into the blood stream within the alveoli of the lungs. The oxygen present in the alveoli diffuses with carbon dioxide in the blood stream, then is circulated throughout the body.
- Cellular respiration
The oxygen obtained by internal respiration is used up by the cells. As they lack specialized organs like lungs, food consumed is digested to produce nutrients, energy molecules, carbon dioxide and water gets into the blood stream, oxygen is derived is then exchanged with energy present in blood by the cells . It can be classified into two types, aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration where oxygen is involved and anaerobic respiration happens in its absence.
- The process of releasing energy from food through oxidation is known as respiration. Breathing may be divided into two categories: aerobic and anaerobic.
- Breathing without oxygen is known as aerobic respiration.
- i. Aerobic respiration is defined as breathing while oxygen is present.
- ii. Throughout this phase, food (glucose) is broken down into carbon dioxide and water in the presence of oxygen.
- Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is utilised to store the energy generated during this process (ATP).
- Anaerobic respiration is defined as respiration that happens in the absence of oxygen.
- In anaerobic respiration, glucose is broken down into ethanol and carbon dioxide, producing energy. Plants produce lactic acid as a byproduct of muscle cell respiration, whereas muscle cells produce lactic acid.