Question

what is sandmyr rxn?

Answer 1

The Sandmeyer reaction is the reaction between Copper(I)-Halogens and -Cyanide and Diazonium compounds. Diazonium compounds can be prepared using amines and nitrous acid (from Sodiumnitrit and Hydrochloric acid). Copper(I) acts as catalyst. The reaction of Diazonium compounds and water or thiols does not require such catalyst.

The nitrous acid can be protonated, then after loss of water molecule the protonated acid is converted to nitrosyl cation. The latter can react with amines to furnish Diazonium compound.

The Sandmeyer reaction follows Electron-transfer-mechanism including free radicals.

Overall this reaction is used in organic chemistry because it can result in some substitution patterns that are not achievable by direct substitution.